We report on a mother and son with Cowden syndrome and a PTEN mutation. The
boy also exhibits autistic behavior and mental retardation, while his moth
er has a normal intelligence and social interaction pattern. We review the
scanty literature data on the association of Cowden syndrome and autism and
emphasize that the association of progressive macrocephaly and pervasive d
evelopmental disorder seems to be an indication for screening for PTEN muta
tions. (C) 2001 Wiley-Liss, Inc.