Glenohumeral joint. Anatomical aspects and the implications for prostheticdesign

Knowledge of normal anatomy and kinematics of the glenohumeral joint as wel l as analysis of the pathoanatomic changes that occur during the course of the disease is the condition for successful patient management. This review article critically discusses the most relevant geometrical variables. Syst ematically, normal anatomy, pathologic anatomy, and the implications for pr osthetic design and implantation are presented. The most important aspects concerning the size and shape of the glenoid, the inclination of the articu lar surface in the horizontal and frontal planes, as well as the geometry o f the scapular neck are discussed. The accumulated knowledge is of immediat e practical use and might stimulate researchers and manufacturers to develo p more adequate glenoid components.