Behavior modification represents one approach to modifying the excess energ
y intake and inactive lifestyles that characterize many obese youth. Behavi
or modification programs are based on basic behavioral science and neurosci
ence, and these programs have been studied extensively in pediatric obesity
treatment. Data are reviewed that demonstrate the beneficial effects of be
havior therapy on pediatric obesity up to 10 years after randomization. Beh
avioral change programs can also be implemented to compliment pharmacologic
and surgical interventions to promote enhanced maintenance. The components
and implementation of behavioral treatment programs for pediatric obesity
are discussed.