The ground-state properties and excited states of ladder-type paraphenylene
oligomers are calculated applying semiempirical methods for up to 11 pheny
lene rings. The results are in qualitative agreement with experimental data
. A scheme to interpret the excited states is developed which reveals the e
xcitonic nature of the excited states. The electron-hole pair of the S-1 st
ate has a mean distance of approximately 4 Angstrom.