C. Limberg et Jh. Teles, The activation of O-2 at ruthenium complexes: Catalytic chlorination of unsaturated organic substrates within the system O-2/HCl/H2O, ADV SYNTH C, 343(5), 2001, pp. 447-449
A solution of RuCl3 in concentrated hydrochloric acid is capable of chlorin
ating aromatic compounds catalytically, if O-2 is present as the oxidizing
agent (brominations can be achieved in hydrobromic acid). When olefins are
chosen as substrates, two Cl atoms are added to the double bond in an anti
fashion, while hydrochlorination products are formed simultaneously. Accord
ing to the products observed in both types of reactions for various substra
tes in this 3-phase system, the halogenations proceed via electrophilic pat
hways.