A case of surgically treated acute cerebellitis with hydrocephalus

We report a pediatric case of acute cerebellitis with hydrocephalus requiri ng emergency placement of external ventricular drainage. A 7-year-old boy p resented with acute development of headache, nausea and vomiting. Magnetic resonance (MR) examination revealed obstructive hydrocephalus and marked bi lateral cerebellar swelling on T2-weighted imaging. After the placement of external ventricular drainage, symptoms of intracranial hypertension prompt ly improved, and other clinical and radiological abnormalities gradually re solved following intravenous injection of corticosteroids. Surgical treatme nt and timing in the treatment of acute cerebellitis are discussed.