Differential impact on survival of electrocardiographic Q-wave versus enzymatic myocardial infarction after percutaneous intervention - A device-specific analysis of 7147 patients

Background-The relative prognostic importance of ECG myocardial infarction (MI) after intervention compared with varying degrees of enzymatic elevatio n has not been characterized, and the device-specific implications of perip rocedural MI are also unknown. Methods and Results-Serial creatine phosphokinase (CPK)-MB levels were dete rmined after elective percutaneous intervention of 12 098 lesions in 7147 c onsecutive patients at a tertiary referral center. Procedural, in-hospital, and follow-up data were collected by independent research nurses, and clin ical and ECG events were adjudicated by a separate committee. Stents were i mplanted in 50.6% of lesions, atheroablation was performed in 54.8%, and PT CA alone was performed in 9.8%. The peak periprocedural CPK-MB level was > 3X the upper limit of normal (ULN) in 17.9% of patients, and Q-wave MI deve loped in 0.6%. By multivariate analysis, the periprocedural development of new Q waves was the most powerful independent determinant of death (2-year mortality rate, 38.3%; hazard ratio, 9.9; P <0.0001). Non-Q-wave Ml with CP K-MB > 8X ULN was also a strong predictor of death (2-year mortality rate, 16.3%; hazard ratio, 2.2; P <0.0001); survival was unaffected by lesser deg rees of CPK-MB elevation. Though CPK-MB elevation was more common after ath eroablation and stenting than PTCA, the rates of Q-wave MI and survival wer e device-independent. Conclusions-Myonecrosis after percutaneous intervention is common in a high -risk referral Population dominated by atheroablation and stent use. Large periprocedural infarctions (signified by new Q waves and CPK-MB > 8XULN) ar e powerful determinants of death, whereas lesser degrees of CPK-MB release and specific device use do not adversely affect survival.