Determination of potential dermal and inhalation exposure of operators, following spray applications of the fungicide penconazole in vineyards and greenhouses

During Topas 20 EW (R) (20% penconazole) applications, the potential dermal exposure for the whole body excluding the hands of the applicator ranged f rom 8 to 125 ml spray solution/h in vineyards and from 56 to 147 ml/h in gr eenhouses. The exposure of the mixer/loader in the greenhouse trials ranged from 4 to 8 ml/h. The applicator inhalation exposure was at the LOD levels for the trials in vineyards, whereas in the greenhouse tomato trials it wa s in the range of 0.06 to 0.32 ml spray solution/h.