Purification of a pluripotent neural stem cell from the adult mouse brain

The adult mammalian central nervous system (CNS) contains a population of n eural stem cells (NSCs)(1-4) with properties said to include the generation of non-neural progeny(5-7). However, the precise identity, location and po tential of the NSC in situ remain unclear. We purified NSCs from the adult mouse brain by flow cytometry, and directly examined the cells' properties. Here we show that one type of NSC, which expresses the protein nestin but only low levels of PNA-binding and HSA proteins, is found in both ependymal and subventricular zones and accounts for about 63% of the total NSC activ ity. Furthermore, the selective depletion of the population of this stem ce ll in querkopf(8) mutant mice (which are deficient in production of olfacto ry neurons) suggests that it acts as a major functional stem cell in vivo. Most freshly isolated NSCs, when co-cultured with a muscle cell line, rapid ly differentiated in vitro into myocytes that contain myosin heavy chain (M yHC). This demonstrates that a predominant, functional type of stem cell ex ists in the periventricular region of the adult brain with the intrinsic ab ility to generate neural and non-neural cells.