Multiple electron capture by 46 MeV/u Pb81+ ions from solid targets

Significant multiple electron capture has been found in collisions of 46 Me V/u Pb81+ ions with thin carbon foils. An increase in the many-electron cap ture probability has been observed for the thinnest targets, which is contr ary to the normally assumed process of subsequent single-electron capture i n the bulk. This shows the significant contribution of the surface for mult iple electron capture, Further evidence is found for a strongly reduced cap ture probability from the exit surface as compared to the entrance surface. Absolute yields for electron capture and projectile ionization are present ed and discussed within a Monte-Carlo simulation.