F. Broetz et al., Design of compact all-permanent magnet electron cyclotron resonance (ECR) ion sources for atomic physics experiments, PHYS SCR, T92, 2001, pp. 278-280
In order to improve the performance of existing ECR ion sources, different
magnetic field configurations and their influence on the extracted ion curr
ents have been investigated. Furthermore the source performances were found
to be strongly dependent on the microwave frequency At optimum frequency t
he microwave power requirements could be significantly reduced allowing the
use of a low-power solid-state microwave system.