The role of on-line formation measurement in optimizing machine performance and diagnostic reporting - How a reflectance system assesses both periodoic and random defects

This paper considers the effect that non-uniformity has on paper quality an d machine efficiency. It describes the various sources of non-uniformity in herent in machine-made paper and examines a suitable method for their detec tion, analysis and subsequent identification. Examples are used to demonstr ate how, by providing the paper-maker lath additional information, a cleare r insight can be gained into the forming process and the optimization of ma chine performance.