Minimally invasive coronary artery bypass grafting of the anterior wall usi
ng a left anterior small thoracotomy became a routine procedure within the
last 3 years. The introduction of robotics into the cardiosurgical practice
in 1998 has finally enabled totally endoscopic closed chest procedures. We
report two patients with totally endoscopic left internal thoracic artery
bypass grafting to the left anterior descending artery and the first diagon
al branch in sequential arterial revascularization technique using the daVi
nci surgical system. (C) 2001 by The Society of Thoracic Surgeons.