X-ray microscopy of track membranes and biological objects in the soft- and hard-wavelength ranges

The methods used to obtain X-ray images of track membranes and various biol ogical objects in the soft (20 nm) and hard (0.2-0.02 nm) wavelength ranges have been considered. In the range of soft X-rays, the images were obtaine d in a Schwarzshild microscope. In the spectral range of hard X-ray radiati on, various methods were used including the use of Fresnel zone plates, asy mmetric reflecting crystals, X-ray microradiography and microtomography. (C ) 2001 MAIK "Nauka/Interperiodica".