Dual microsporidial infection with Encephalitozoon cuniculi and case Enterocytozoon bieneusi in an HIV-positive patient

This report describes the first dual microsporidial infection with Encephol itozoon cuniculi and Enterocytozoon bieneusi in an HIV-positive patient. In view of clinical and epidemiological findings, our E. cuniculi isolate was deduced to be of the dog strain. The patients occupational involvement wit h dogs indicates that canines should be considered as a reservoir of human infections for both microsporidial species. Furthermore, our report provide s detailed clinical and radiological information on a rare case of a sympto matic pulmonary infection by E. cuniculi and its improvement after treatmen t with albendazole.