The spatial distribution and kinematics of stellar populations in E+A galaxies

We use long-slit spectroscopic observations of the sample of E + A galaxies described by Zabludoff et al. to constrain the nature of the progenitors a nd remnants of the E + A phase of galaxy evolution. We measure spatially re solved kinematic properties of the young (less than or similar to 1 Gyr) an d old (greater than or similar to few Gyr) stellar populations. The young s tellar populations are more centrally concentrated than the older populatio ns, but they are not confined to the galaxy core (radius less than or simil ar to1 kpc). The kinematics of the old stellar population place 16 of 20 of our E + As on a trend parallel to the Faber-Jackson relation that is offse t by similar to0.6 mag in R. Eighteen of 20 E + As have upsilon/sigma < 1. As the young stars in these systems evolve, the luminosity offset will disa ppear, and the remnants will be pressure-supported systems that tie on the Faber-Jackson relation. Although Zabludoff et al. spectroscopically selecte d the most extreme E + A galaxies in the local volume, the sample is kinema tically diverse: velocity dispersions range from <less than or similar to> 30 km s(-1) to similar to 200 km s(-1) over a luminosity range of M-R = -19 to -22 + 5 log h. Combining these results with an estimate of the number o f galaxies that experience an E + A phase, we conclude that the E + A phase of galaxy evolution is important in the development of a large fraction of spheroid-dominated galaxies over a wide range of luminosities and masses. Our kinematic observations, together with evidence that E + As have recentl y evolved from a vigorous star-forming phase to a quiescent phase (e.g., Co uch & Sharples; Caldwell et al.) and that many have tidal features consiste nt with disklike progenitors (Zabludoff et al.), indicate that these galaxi es are undergoing a transformation from gas-rich, star-forming, rotationall y supported, disk-dominated galaxies into gas-poor, quiescent, pressure-sup ported, spheroid-dominated galaxies.