Cognitive-behavioral therapy for chronic pain in the elderly

Cognitive-behavioral therapy has become a common nonpharmacologic treatment option for individuals experiencing chronic nonmalignant pain. This articl e begins with an overview of the cognitive-behavioral perspective on pain a nd pain management. The second section discusses relevant developmental iss ues and suggests refinements to cognitive-behavioral therapy for the elderl y, followed by a case example describing the implementation of cognitive-be havioral therapy for an elderly gentleman in an ambulatory care setting. Th e details of assessment, treatment conceptualization and planning, interven tion, and follow-up are explored in this context. This article concludes wi th suggestions for future refinements in the application of this approach i n the management of chronic pain in the elderly.