Microchip capillary electrophoresis/electrochemistry

Microfabricated fluidic devices have generated considerable interest over t he past ten years due to the fact that sample preparation, injection, separ ation, derivatization, and detection can be integrated into one miniaturize d device. This review reports progress in the development of microfabricate d analytical systems based on microchip capillary electrophoresis (CE) with electrochemical (EC) detection. Electrochemical detection has several adva ntages for use with microchip electrophoresis systems, for example, ease of miniaturization, sensitivity, and selectivity. In this review, the basic c omponents necessary for microchip CEEC are described, including several exa mples of different detector configurations. Lastly, details of the applicat ion of this technique to the determination of catechols and phenols, amino acids, peptides, carbohydrates, nitroaromatics, polymerase chain reaction ( PCR) products, organophosphates, and hydrazines are described.