Behavioural diversity among the wild chimpanzee populations of Bossou and neighbouring areas, Guinea and Cote d'Ivoire, West Africa - A preliminary report

We present a preliminary report on the differences and similarities in mate rial culture among four neighbouring chimpanzee (Pan troglodytes verus) com munities. One of these communities includes Bossou, a long-term field site of wild chimpanzees, in Guinea, West Africa. We also conducted surveys of t hree new sites. Two of those surveyed areas, Seringbara in Guinea and Yeale in Cote d'Ivoire, are located less than 12 km away from Bossou in the Nimb a Mountains region, which forms a natural boundary between Guinea and Cote d'Ivoire. The third, Diecke, is situated further south-west, closer to the border with Liberia. During the surveys, we gathered behavioural informatio n about these neighbouring populations of chimpanzees. The differences, as well as similarities, in material culture were tabulated based on our findi ngs. The three behavioural variants found so far involve differences in nut cracking behaviour with regard to the species of nut cracked. Some variati on in materials used for nut cracking has also been recorded. However, we s till need to establish whether these local variations can be explained by t he demands of the physical and biotic environments in which the populations of chimpanzees live. If these alternative hypotheses can be excluded with continuing research at the study sites, these differences are likely to be cultural behaviours that are influenced by the social context and mode, i.e . horizontal, vertical or oblique, of transmission, by the social structure and organisation of each community and/or perhaps by some form of social n orms prevalent within these communities. Copyright (C) 2001 S. Karger AG, B asel.