Ultradeep fluid systems of the earth and problems of ore formation

A fundamentally new model is proposed for the generation of heat and ultrad eep fluids in the Earth's liquid core. Considering the rheological properti es of the liquid core (viscosity from 10(3)-10(5) to 10(7)-10(9) poises), p ressure and temperature gradients, and relative rotation velocities of liqu id layers with different viscosities, it is concluded that heat is generate d at the expense of internal and external friction. That is, a mechanism is proposed for the transformation of the gravitational energy of the Sun int o heat in the rotating liquid core of the Earth. Heat generation leads to e xplosions and is accompanied by plume development in the steady-state regim e and superplume outbursts upon the loss of stability. The separating gas p lumes possess high potential energies (P-fl > 1300 kbar and T > 4000 degree sC) and burn through the mantle, reaching the upper lithospheric layers whe re they cause melting and the formation of ore-magmatic systems. The ascend ing plumes and superplumes are inherently enriched in C and S, which result s in the formation of carbonatite magmas and sulfide accumulations in the u pper mantle. Thermal activation of asthenospheric layers at the base of con tinental plates results in concurrent processes related to plumes and fluid systems of the asthenosphere, with various degrees of maturity and various ore and geochemical characteristics.