We have proposed the notion of short-time multifractality and used it to de
velop a novel approach for arrhythmia detection. Cardiac rhythms are charac
terized by short-time generalized dimensions (STGDs), and different kinds o
f arrhythmias are discriminated using a neural network. To advance the accu
racy of classification, a new fuzzy Kohonen network, which overcomes the sh
ortcomings of the classical algorithm, is presented. In our paper, the pote
ntial of our method for clinical uses and real-time detection was examined
using 180 electrocardiogram records [60 atrial fibrillation, 60 ventricular
fibrillation, and 60 ventricular tachycardial. The proposed algorithm has
achieved high accuracy (more than 97%) and is computationally fast in detec
tion.