Application of fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) to fish genetics and genome mapping

The various applications of the technique of fluorescence in situ hybridiza tion (FISH) to fish genetics will be reviewed for fishes being used as mode l organisms to study human disease, including those species for which major genome projects have been initiated. "FISH on fish" has been used to map h ighly repetitive sequences including centromere-specific sequences and sex- specific sequences, moderately repetitive sequences such as rRNAs and histo nes, and single-copy sequences. Paint probes specific for whole genomes, wh ole chromosomes, and chromosome subregions have been prepared for several s pecies. The potential future applications of FISH to fish genetics and geno me mapping will be discussed.