Modeling study of the influence of turbulence inhibitors on the molten steel flow, tracer dispersion, and inclusion trajectories in tundishes

In order to optimize steel flow and maximize the contact time of the inclus ions with the slag layer inside the tundish, a proper flow-control arrangem ent must be designed, considering the shape, the dimensions of the prototyp e, and the plant operating conditions of the tundish. Physical and mathemat ical modeling has been used in this study, in a complementary fashion, to e valuate the influence of turbulence-inhibiting devices on the velocity fiel ds, tracer dispersion, small- and large-particle trajectories, flow-pattern characteristics, and grade changes in a large-volume tundish. From the wat er model and mathematical simulation results, a flow-control system with th e best performance was identified; this system must contribute to improving the productivity and cleanliness of the continuous-cast steel.