T. Yonchak et al., Anesthetic efficacy of unilateral and bilateral inferior alveolar nerve blocks to determine cross innervation in anterior teeth, ORAL SURG O, 92(2), 2001, pp. 132-135
Citations number
23
Categorie Soggetti
Dentistry/Oral Surgery & Medicine
Journal title
ORAL SURGERY ORAL MEDICINE ORAL PATHOLOGY ORAL RADIOLOGY AND ENDODONTICS
Objective. The purpose of this prospective randomized study was to measure
the degree of anesthesia obtained with unilateral and bilateral inferior al
veolar nerve blocks to determine whether cross innervation occurs in anteri
or teeth.
Study design. Through use of a repeated-measures design, 38 subjects random
ly received unilateral or bilateral inferior alveolar nerve blocks at two s
eparate appointments. Each inferior alveolar nerve block used 3.6 mL of 2%
lidocaine with 1:100,000 epinephrine. Mandibular anterior teeth were blindl
y pulp-tested at 4-minute cycles for 60 minutes' postinjection. No response
from the subject to the maximum output (80 reading) of the pulp tester was
used as the criterion for pulpal anesthesia. Anesthesia was considered suc
cessful when 2 consecutive 80 readings were obtained.
Results. One hundred percent of the subjects had lip numbness with each of
the inferior alveolar nerve block techniques. Anesthetic success rates of t
he unilateral inferior alveolar nerve block were 39% for the central inciso
r, 50% for the lateral incisor, and 68% for the canine. For the bilateral i
nferior alveolar nerve blocks, success rates were 66% for the central incis
or, 74% for the lateral incisor, and 76% for the canine. The bilateral infe
rior alveolar nerve block success rates were significantly (P < .05) higher
for the central and lateral incisors when compared with the success rates
of the unilateral inferior alveolar nerve block.
Conclusions. Cross innervation does seem to occur in mandibular central and
lateral incisors. However, the success rates in these teeth with bilateral
inferior alveolar nerve blocks were below 75%. The failure of the inferior
alveolar nerve blocks to anesthetize the anterior teeth was the overriding
reason for failure. Clinically, bilateral inferior alveolar nerve blocks t
o provide profound pulpal anesthesia in mandibular anterior teeth are not r
ecommended on the basis of the results of this study.