MDM2+/CDK4+/p53+oral liposarcoma: Case report and review of the literature

Although liposarcoma is one of the most common soft tissue sarcomas, its lo cation in the oral cavity is very rare. To our knowledge, only 43 cases of liposarcoma originating in the oral tissues have been reported in the Engli sh-language literature. In this article, we report a case of well-different iated liposarcoma affecting the cheek of a 28-year-old mail and review the oral liposarcoma literature. Immunohistochemical analysis of the tumor reve aled an MDM2+/CDK4+/p53+ immunophenotype that is consistent with the immuno histochemical profile of well-differentiated liposarcoma originating in oth er areas of the body. Quantitative polymerase chain reaction analysis of th e DNA levels of the MDM2 (human homologue of the murine double-minute type 2), CDK4 (cyclin-dependent kinase 4), and SAS (sarcoma amplified sequence, genes was performed, revealing only SAS gene amplification. The possibility of misdiagnosis of oral liposarcoma because of its sometimes inconspicuous clinical and microscopic features is emphasized. Careful pathologic examin ation of liposarcoma is essential for discrimination from benign adipose ti ssue neoplasms and for precise histologic classification, both of major pro gnostic significance. Possible implications of molecular and cytogenetic an alysis for unraveling the pathogenesis and determining the prognosis of lip osarcoma are discussed.