Permian-Triassic biotic crisis and foraminifers

Two phases can be distinguished in development of foraminifers during the L ate Permian crisis. The first phase was marked by extinction of 40% of tota l foraminiferal genera. The crisis affected particularly fusulinids, which lost 76% of genera and 70% of families. At the end of the Permian, all fora minifers became extinct. Moreover, fusulinids die off completely, whereas s ome smaller foraminifers (Lazarus-taxa) appear again in the I. isarcica con odont zone. At the beginning, they were represented by archaic Paleozoic fo rms. The renewal of assemblages owing to development of Mesozoic forms comm enced at the end of the Induan Age and significantly accelerated in the Ani sian Age.