Chlamydia pneumoniae infection accelerates hyperlipidemia induced atherosclerotic lesion development in C57BL/6J mice

Considerable evidence of an association between Chlamydia pneumoniae infect ions and cardiovascular disease has emerged. Animal models using geneticall y altered mice and hypercholesterolemic rabbits have shown a pathogenic rol e of C. pneumoniae in accelerating atherosclerotic plaque development. In t he present study, we evaluated the effect of chronic C. pneumoniae infectio n on atherosclerosis in C57BL/6J mice, fed either a regular chow diet or a high fat, high cholesterol diet. Infected animals on an atherogenic diet de veloped significantly larger lesion areas compared with control mice at 18 weeks (2.5-fold increase; 4177 +/- 777 vs. 1650 +/- 808 mum(2); P < 0.05) a nd 24 weeks of age (3.3-fold increase; 14139 +/- 4147 vs. 4298 +/- 869 mum( 2); P < 0.02). This study shows that chronic C. pneumoniae infection accele rates atherosclerotic lesion development in diet induced hypercholesterolem ic mice, indicating that C. pneumoniae is a co-risk factor of hyperlipidemi a in atherogenesis. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science Ireland Ltd. All rights reser ved.