Comparative effects of 1BL.1RS and 1AL.1RS on soft red winter wheat milling and baking quality

The wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)-rye (Secale cereale L.) chromosomal transl ocations 1BL.1RS and 1AL.1RS are widely reported to have detrimental effect s on hard wheat quality. This study was designed to investigate the impact of these translocations on soft wheat milling and baking quality where info rmation on their effects is limited. A set of backcross-six F-2-derived F-6 near-isolines containing either the 'Kavkaz'-derived 1BL.1RS or 'Amigo'-de rived 1AL.1RS translocation were developed in five soft red winter wheat ba ckgrounds at Columbia, MO. A randomized complete block design, replicated f our times, was grown in each of three Missouri environments. Treatments wer e arranged as a split-plot with genetic background as the main-plot factor and isolines as the subplots. Both the presence of rye and the source of th e translocation (1BL.1RS vs. 1AL.1RS) were significant for all traits measu red. 1BL.1RS was associated with a significant reduction in softness equiva lent but had no overall effect, across backgrounds, on adjusted flour yield or milling quality, while 1AL.1RS was associated with significant reductio ns in all three traits. Both translocations were associated with reduced ba king quality due to their association with increased alkaline water-retenti on capacity and reduced kernel softness. For all traits the negative effect of 1AL.1RS was more pronounced than that of 1BL.1RS. Background interactio n effects were significant for both milling-quality and baking-quality trai ts, and often were large enough to offset the negative effects associated w ith the translocation. This suggested that breeders could develop soft red winter wheat cultivars carrying either translocation that had acceptable en d-use quality.