Epidemiologic evidence of cardiovascular effects of particulate air pollution

In the past decade researchers have developed a body of epidemiologic evide nce showing increased daily cardiovascular mortality and morbidity associat ed with acute exposures to particulate air pollution. Associations have bee n found not only with cardiovascular deaths reported on death certificates but also with myocardial infarctions and ventricular fibrillation. Particul ate air pollution exposure has been associated with indicators of autonomic function of the heart including increased heart rate, decreased heart rate variability, and increased cardiac arrhythmias. Several markers of increas ed risk for sudden cardiac death have also been associated with such exposu res. These epidemiologic studies provide early guidance to possible pathway s of particulate air pollution health effects, which can only be addressed fully in toxicologic and physiologic studies.