Association between idiopathic infantile macrocephaly and autism spectrum disorders

We conducted a case-controlled, catch-up study of a cohort of boys born wit h macrocephaly in order to determine whether infantile macrocephaly is a ri sk marker for the later development of autism spectrum disorders, Our resul ts show that Infantile macrocephaly was associated with an increased risk o f developing autism spectrum disorders (odds ratio 5.44, 95% CI 1.11-52.15; p=0.03). These findings suggest that neurobiological differences during in fancy may predict behavioural manifestations of autism spectrum disorders.