We have investigated the electronic and magnetic structures of Sr2FeMoO6 em
ploying site-specific direct probes, namely x-ray absorption spectroscopy w
ith linearly and circularly polarized photons. In contrast to some previous
suggestions, the results clearly establish that Fe is in the formal trival
ent state in this compound. With the help of circularly polarized light, it
is unambiguously shown that the moment at the Mo sites is below the limit
of detection (<0.25 <mu>(B)), resolving a previous controversy. We also sho
w that the decrease of the observed moment in magnetization measurements fr
om the theoretically expected value is driven by the presence of mis-site d
isorder between Fe and Mo sites.