Collective identity and social movements

Sociologists have turned to collective identity to fill gaps in resource mo bilization and political process accounts of the emergence, trajectories, a nd impacts of social movements. Collective identity has been treated as an alternative to structurally given interests in accounting for the claims on behalf of which people mobilize, an alternative to selective incentives in understanding why people participate, an alternative to instrumental ratio nality in explaining what tactical choices activists make, and an alternati ve to institutional reforms in assessing movements' impacts. Collective ide ntity has been treated both too broadly and too narrowly, sometimes applied to too many dynamics, at other times made into a residual category within structuralist, state-centered, and rationalist accounts.