We characterize the spectral properties of X-rays generated from selected m
etal and semiconductor targets when 120-fs laser pulses are focused to inte
nsities of similar to 10(14)-3 x 10(15) W/cm(2) during laser micromachining
in air. High fluxes of multi-keV-energy X-rays could be obtained with 280-
muJ pulses at a 1 kHz repetition rate. The yield and spectral composition o
f the X-rays are found to depend sensitively on the processing conditions,
and thus the X-ray emission is expected to be a novel indicator of optimal
laser machining.