Timescale stretch parameterization of Type Ia supernova B-band light curves

R-band intensity measurements along the light curve of Type Ia supernovae ( SNe Ia) discovered by the Supernova Cosmology Project (SCP) are fitted in b rightness to templates allowing a free parameter the time-axis width factor w drop s(1 + z). The data points are then individually aligned in the time axis, normalized, and K-corrected back to the rest frame, after which the nearly 1300 normalized intensity measurements are found to lie on a well-de termined common rest-frame B-band curve, which we call the "composite curve ." The same procedure is applied to 18 low-redshift Calan/Tololo SNe with z < 0.11; these nearly 300 B-band photometry points are found to lie on the composite curve equally well. The SCP search technique produces several mea surements before maximum light for each supernova. We demonstrate that the linear stretch factor, s, which parameterizes the light-curve timescale, ap pears independent of z, and applies equally well to the declining and risin g parts of the light curve. In fact, the B-band template that best fits thi s composite curve fits the individual supernova photometry data when stretc hed by a factor s with chi (2)/dof approximate to 1-thus, as well as any pa rameterization can, given the current data sets. The measurement of the dat e of explosion, however, is model dependent and not tightly constrained by the current data. We also demonstrate the 1 + z light-curve time-axis broad ening expected from cosmological expansion. This argues strongly against al ternative explanations, such as tired light, for the redshift of distant ob jects.