Assembly of pore proteins on gold electrodes

Protein-protein interactions at the cell surface are important in the activ ity of bacterial toxins such as colicins. We have developed methods to stud y these events using tethered lipid bilayers, which can be probed by impeda nce spectroscopy and surface plasmon resonance. Recently we have attached t he receptor proteins directly to gold electrodes and this offers new possib ilities for measuring protein-protein interactions on solid supports.