Dielectric properties of BaTiO3 codoped with Er2O3 and MgO

The effect of Er2O3 and MgO addition on the dielectric properties of BaTiO3 ceramics was studied in a reduced atmosphere. Mgo effectively prevented th e material from being reduced and suppressed grain growth. An X7R material with moderate temperature dependence was developed by the addition of MgO w ith higher than 2.0 mol% Er2O3 to BaTiO3, which is ascribed to the decrease in grain size and the grain core-grain shell structure. In the presence of equimolar amount of B-site metal ions. there was no evidence to support th e incorporation of Er ions into the octahedral and dodecahedral cation site s.