Ka. Ames et Jf. Epperson, A KERNEL-BASED METHOD FOR THE APPROXIMATE SOLUTION OF BACKWARD PARABOLIC PROBLEMS, SIAM journal on numerical analysis, 34(4), 1997, pp. 1357-1390
A method for approximating the solution of self-adjoint parabolic equa
tions backwards in time is presented. The technique uses the Green's f
unction of the parabolic equation to formulate the problem as a first-
kind Fredholm integral equation, and then does a regularized least-squ
ares solution of the resulting discrete system. Error estimates and ex
amples are presented. Direct knowledge of the kernel of the differenti
al operator is not required.