Thermal imaging and metallographic analysis were used to study Laser Engine
ered Net Shaping (LENS(TM)) processing of 316 stainless steel and H13 tool
steel. The cooling rates at the solid-liquid interface were measured over a
range of conduction conditions. The length scale of the molten zone contro
ls cooling rates during solidification in direct metal deposition. In LENS
processing, the molten zone ranges from 0.5 non in length to 1.5 mm, result
ing in cooling rates at the solid-liquid interface ranging from 200-6,000 K
s(-1).