V. Milesi et al., Structural and functional aspects of the human saphenous vein used as aorto-coronary graft in myocardial revascularization., MEDICINA, 61(4), 2001, pp. 481-490
The human saphenous vein (HSV) is currently used as a graft in coronary rev
ascularization as well as in some other vascular beds, namely those of the
inferior limbs. Since a significant proportion of HSV grafts develop stenos
is, many studies have focused on the factors that could promote graft failu
re. This article reviews the results on structural and functional features
that might be concurrent in the production of saphenous vein graft stenosis
. The reactivity of HSV to several physiological agonists is analyzed, incl
uding those derived from the endothelium with contractile or relaxing prope
rties, since these are relevant inducers of graft spasm and/or modifiers of
the expression of graft factors involved in either tissue growth or thromb
otic-atherosclerotic processes. Mechanisms that regulate vascular smooth mu
scle contractile state, in particular the activity of K+ channels of the pl
asma membrane, are described.