Reduced oxygenation activates specific expression of erythropoietin (EPO) a
nd other hypoxia-regulated genes. The cellular response to hypoxia is media
ted by the hypoxia-inducible factor-1 (HIF-1). Unregulated overexpression o
f EPO results in a hematocrit value of about 80%; transgenic mice were show
n to adapt to this polyglobulia.