Dietary trend and diabetes: its association among indigenous Fijians 1952 to 1994

The dietary trends of indigenous Fijians have changed drastically in the pa st 50 years. Deviating from the traditional food consumption pattern and tr aditional lifestyle may have increased the incidence and prevalence of non- communicable diseases. The aim of this study is to examine the dietary tren ds of the indigenous Fijians in relation to the prevalence of diabetes from 1952 to 1994. The data used were obtained from the Naduri Nutrition Survey reports of 1952 to 1994, the Fiji National Nutrition Survey reports of 198 3 and 1993, and the two diabetes survey reports of 1965 and 1980. Results i ndicated an increased consumption of introduced foods, which may be associa ted with an increased prevalence of diabetes. The total energy derived from cereals and sugar increased dramatically with a reduction in consumption o f traditional foods. The prevalence of diabetes among the urban indigenous population in 1965 was very low compared to the 1980 figure, while the Nati onal Nutrition Survey of the same ethnic group showed a 433% increase of ur ban diabetes from 1965 to 1993. The hospital diabetes admission cases of 19 52 to 1982 also showed an increased trend.