ALIGNMENT OF CRYSTALLITES IN OBLIQUELY DEPOSITED COBALT FILMS

The geometric alignment of crystallites was investigated using ellipso metry for evaporated cobalt films. The incidence angle was 45 degrees and the gas pressure ranged from 0.008 to 2 Pa during argon gas inflow . The anisotropy of the reflection coefficient showed that above 0.6 P a, crystallites preferentially align in the direction parallel to the incidence plane. The parallel alignment of crystallites is also found in sputtered films and is always accompanied by a c-axis preferred ori entation. Replica electron microscopic observation and X-ray analysis revealed that the top of columnar grains constituting the parallel ali gnment is surrounded by the {10 ($) over bar 11} habit planes, and the side of the columnar grains is truncated by the {0001} habit planes. Thus, we concluded that the parallel alignment is determined by the cr ystal habit.