Recombinant small subunit of smooth muscle myosin light chain phosphatase - Molecular properties and interactions with the targeting subunit

We expressed the small subunit of smooth muscle myosin light chain phosphat ase (MPs) in Escherichia coli, and have studied its molecular properties as well as its interaction with the targeting subunit (MPt). MPs (M-r = 18,50 0) has an anomalously low electrophoretic mobility, running with an apparen t M-r of similar to 21,000 in sodium dodecyl sulfate-gel electrophoresis. C D spectroscopy shows that it is similar to 45% alpha -helix and undergoes a cooperative temperature-induced unfolding with a transition midpoint of 73 degreesC. Limited proteolysis rapidly degrades MPs to a stable G-terminal fragment (M-r = 10,000) that retains most of the helical content. Rotary sh adowing electron microscopy reveals that it is an elongated protein with tw o domains. Sedimentation velocity measurements show that recombinant MPt (M -r = 107,000), intact MPs, and the 10-kDa. MPs fragment are all dimeric, an d that MPs and MPt form a complex with a molar mass consistent with a 1:1 h eterodimer. Sequence analysis predicts that regions in the C-terminal porti ons of both MPs and MPt have high probabilities for coiled coil formation. A synthetic peptide from a region of MPs encompassing, residues 77-116 was found to be 100% alpha -helical, dimeric, and formed a complex with MPt wit h a molecular mass corresponding to a heterodimer. Based on these results, we propose that MPs is an elongated molecule with an N-terminal head and a C-terminal stalk domain. It dimerizes via a coiled coil interaction in the stalk domain, and interacts with MPt via heterodimeric coiled coil formatio n. Since other proteins with known regulatory function toward MP also have predicted coiled coil regions, our results suggest that these regulatory pr oteins target MP via the same coiled coil strand exchange mechanism with MP t.