Toxicity, feeding deterrence, and effect of activity of 1,8-cineole from Artemisia annua on progeny production of Tribolium castanaeum (Coleoptera : Tenebrionidae)

1,8-Cineole isolated from Artemisia annua was tested against Tribolium cast aneum (Herbst) for contact toxicity, fumigant toxicity, and antifeedant act ivity. The adults of T castaneum were more susceptible than larvae to both contact and fumigant toxicity of 1,8-cineole, and LD50 and LC50 values of 1 08.4 mug/mg body weight of adult insect and 1.52 mg/liter air were found, r espectively. Furthermore, 14-d-old T castaneum larvae were more tolerant th an 16- and 18-d-old larvae and adults to the contact toxicity of 1,8-cineol e, but the 16- and 18-d-old larvae have similar susceptibility. In contrast , all the larvae (14-18 d old) of T. castaneum were much more tolerant than the adults to the fumigant action, but larvae of different ages had simila r susceptibility. The compound 1,8-ciineole applied to filter paper at a co ncentration of 3.22-16.10 mg/cm(2) significantly (P < 0.05) reduced the hat ching of T. castaneum eggs and the subsequent survival rate of the larvae. Adult emergence was also reduced by 1,8-cineole. Feeding deterrence of 81.9 % was achieved in T. castaneum adults by using a concentration of 121.9 mg/ g food, whereas larvae showed 68.8% at the same concentration.