Ah. Grosz et al., Use of helium-oxygen mixtures to relieve upper airway obstruction in a pediatric population, LARYNGOSCOP, 111(9), 2001, pp. 1512-1514
Objectives. Helium as a component of inspired gas decreases turbulent flow
and airway resistance. Helium-oxygen mixtures have been used since the 1930
s in the management of patients with upper airway obstruction. The objectiv
e of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of helium-oxygen mixtures in r
elieving upper airway obstruction in a pediatric population. Study Design:
Retrospective chart review of 42 pediatric patients who received helium-oxy
gen mixtures for upper airway obstruction within a 3-year period. Methods.
The study protocol included 42 pediatric patients, aged 1 week to 14 years,
who were admitted to the Children's Hospital of Philadelphia from June 199
7 to December 2000 and who received a total of 44 treatments of helium-oxyg
en therapy for upper airway obstruction. Response to treatment was determin
ed by reduction in work of breathing noted on the chart. Results: Thirty-tw
o of 44 helium-oxygen treatments resulted in a positive response (73%). The
re were no significant differences in demographic characteristics between r
esponders and nonresponders, except all of the premature infants were respo
nders and 6 of the 9 patients with syndromes were nonresponders. Conclusion
s. Helium- oxygen therapy is a useful adjunct therapy for upper airway obst
ruction. Controlled clinical trials are necessary to better define the appr
opriate settings for use of helium-oxygen.