An automated analysis of rat behavior in the forced swim test

The Porsolt forced swim test (FST) is a commonly used paradigm to evaluate antidepressant activity of drugs. This test is based on visual measurement of the rat's floating time (FT) in a tank filled with water. Here, we prese nt an automated, accurate and faster method for estimating FT by the distan ce moved (DM) by the animal via the use of the Ethovision software in three separate experiments. Experiment 1 investigated the effect of varying dela ys (24-h and 7-day) between pretest and test on FT and DM. Experiment 2 aim ed at examining the effects of a 2-day withdrawal period in rats sensitized to amphetamine and cocaine, on FT and DM. Finally, Experiment 3 looked at the effects of desipramine and fluoxetine on FT and DM. The results of thes e experiments show that increasing the delay between pretest and test reduc ed FT during subsequent exposure (test). In addition, rats sensitized to an d then withdrawn from either amphetamine or cocaine did not differ in FT or DM compared with control rats. Finally, both desipramine and fluoxetine re duced FT and increased DM. Furthermore, DM was consistently significantly n egatively correlated with FT. These results support the use of an automated method for the evaluation of rat behavior in FST. (C) 2001 Elsevier Scienc e Inc. All rights reserved.