The paper reviews the principles of operation of the present sources of hig
h intensity pulsed ion and plasma beams. Limitations of the ion beam intens
ity are presented. The concept of magnetic insulation is discussed in some
detail. Methods of high-density plasma generation are outlined. Characteris
tics of the existing devices are listed. It is shown that the existing sour
ces cover a wide range of parameters and can be matched to almost any type
of experiment on material processing. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science Ltd. All ri
ghts reserved.