Theta synchronization during episodic retrieval: neural correlates of conscious awareness

The neural correlates of conscious awareness during successful memory retri eval were examined. In a recognition test, subjects indicated whether they consciously recollected the event in which a word was earlier presented (Re membering), or whether they recognized it on the basis that it was familiar in the absence of recollection (Knowing). An early EEG synchronization in the theta band predicted knowing, and a later remembering. Moreover, early and late event-related potentials were also found to predict knowing and re membering, respectively. The results indicate that the temporal dynamics of theta synchronization are related to the particular conscious experiences associated with memory retrieval. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.