P. Lee et al., Effects of interleukin-12 on the immune response to a multipeptide vaccinefor resected metastatic melanoma, J CL ONCOL, 19(18), 2001, pp. 3836-3847
Purpose: Forty-eight patients with high-risk resected stage III or IV melan
oma were immunized with two tumor antigen epitope peptides derived from gp1
00(209-217)(210M) (IMDQVPSFV) and tyrosinase (368-376)(370D) (YMDGTMSOV) em
ulsified with incomplete Freund's adjuvant (IFA). Patients received peptide
s/IFA with or without interleukin (IL)-1230 ng/kg to evaluate the toxicitie
s and immune responses in either arm with time to relapse and survival as s
econdary end points.
Patients and Methods: Immunizations were administered every 2 weeks for 8 w
eeks, then every 4 weeks for 12 weeks, and then once 8 weeks later. A leuka
pheresis to obtain peripheral-blood mononuclear cells for immune analyses w
as done before and after vaccination. Skin testing with peptides and recall
reagents was performed before and after vaccinations.
Results: Local pain and granuloma formation, fever, and lethargy of grade 1
or 2 were observed. Transient vaccine-related grade 3- but no grade 4-toxi
city was observed. Thirty-four of 40 patients developed a positive skin tes
t response to the gp 100 peptide but none to tyrosinase. immune responses w
ere measured by release of gamma-interferon in an enzyme-linked immunosorbe
nt assay (ELISA) by effector cells in the presence of peptide-pulsed antige
n-presenting cells or by an antigen-specific tetramer flow cytometry assay.
Thirty-three of 38 patients demonstrated an immune response by ELISA after
vaccination, as did 37 of 42 patients by tetramer assay. Twenty-four of 48
patients relapsed with a median follow-up of 20 months, and 10 patients in
this high-risk group have died.
Conclusion: These data suggest a significant proportion of patients with re
sected melanoma mount an antigen-specific immune response against a peptide
vaccine and indicate that IL-12 may increase the immune response and suppo
rting further development of IL-12 as a vaccine adjuvant. J Clin Oncol 19:3
836-3847. (C) 2001 by American Society of Clinical Oncology.