Shoemaker crater as the source of most ejecta blocks on the asteroid 433 Eros

The loose material-regolith-on the surfaces of asteroids is thought to repr esent ballistically emplaced ejecta from impacts(1,2) but the identificatio n of source craters and the detailed study of the regolith modification hav e been hampered by the limited spatial resolution and area coverage of the few asteroids imaged by spacecraft. Here we report the results of global ma pping of the asteroid 433 Eros from high-resolution images obtained by the NEAR-Shoemaker spacecraft. Based on the images and ejecta-emplacement model s, we suggest that most large ejecta blocks on Eros originate from a relati vely young 7.6-km-diameter crater. A large fraction of the ejecta from impa cts pre-dating that crater has apparently been buried or eroded. The images also show evidence for the action of a variety of sorting environments for regolith particles after they are deposited on the surface.